Microcontroller Based Attendance System Using RFID

 Abstract – Integration of radio frequency identification technology and GSM technology had shown wide applications in the automation of electronic systems. In this paper the design of microcontroller based attendance system using RFID and GSM the modem has been presented which will automatically update the attendance of the students and send the SMS to the absentee’s parent for the continuous monitoring of the attendance of his/her ward.

INTRODUCTION 

The conventional method of taking the attendance of students is through the manually maintained register and calling by their names or serial numbers. A lot of drawbacks are associated with this method like attendance not marked due to human error on both sides i.e. students as well as teachers, proxy attendance, time-consuming, etc. The role of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology in tracking objects and its implementation in automatic electronic equipment has been widely used by designers and found in the literature [1]. Some automated attendance system has been designed and reported using the RFID. M. Kamaraju in the year 2010 presented the design of an automated attendance system using RF technology. In the year 2013 attendance system using RFID has been reported using RFID. In the year 2014 another web-based attendance system using RFID has been presented.

COMPONENTS REQUIRED 

8051 microcontroller

RFID reader

LCD display 2x16

L293D

servo motor

LEDs

vol. regulator

speaker

resistors, capacitors, etc.

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION 

RFID

The Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is an electronic device that includes a small antenna and a chip. This device is used for transmitting information between the reader and RFID tag using radiofrequency electromagnetic fields.

The operating frequency ranges of these devices include low, mid, and high ranges. The low-frequency range is from 30 kHz to 500 kHz, the middle frequency range is from 500 kHz to 900 kHz and the high-frequency range is from 2.4 MHz to 2.5 MHz.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

Microcontroller

The microcontroller used in RFID based attendance system is AT89C52 from the family of 8051. It includes 4-I/O ports and 40-pins.

Oscillator Circuit

The oscillator circuit is connected in between the pins of 18 and 19 of a microcontroller. This circuit is built with a combination of oscillator and two 33 pF capacitors at 11.0592 MHz operational frequency.

Preset Circuit

The microcontroller AT89C52 9th pin is a reset pin. The circuit of the preset is built with a capacitor, a resistor, and a switch. When the switch is pressed, the reset pin is connected with and the microcontroller becomes reset.

LCD Display

The LCD display is consists of 16 pins, where 3 pins are connected with and the remaining all pins are connected with the port-2 of the microcontroller.

RFID Reader

The RFID reader is used for reading the information which is stored in the RFID tags. It incorporates with any type of hardware design.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

WORKING

When a person puts their RFID tag to an RFID reader then RFID reads the tag’s data and sends it to 8051 microcontrollers and then the microcontroller compares this data with defined data or information. If data is matched with defined data then the microcontroller increments the attendance by one of the tag’s person and if the match does not occur then the microcontroller shows an invalid card on LCD and the buzzer is beeping continuously for some time.

The aim of this project is to design an RFID Technology-based Attendance System using 8051 microcontrollers, in which the attendance of students or employees is automatically recorded with the swipe of a card.

When this circuit is powered ON, initially the microcontroller will display the message as Swipe the card on the LCD display. When the RFID reader detects the ID card, it will send the unique card no to the microcontroller via the serial terminal.

with the suitable program, we will compare this id and code id present in the code. if both are the same then it will show the id holder's name and mark the attendance of that id holder. And the door will open.

Now again it will ask to scan the card. And this will go on.

CODE

/**************************************

Name: RFID Based Attendance System Using 8051 Microcontroller

***************************************

*/

//library description

#include<reg51.h>

#include<string.h>

#include<stdio.h>

#define LCDPORT P1

sbit rs=P1^0;

sbit rw=P1^1;

sbit en=P1^2;

sbit Motor1=P2^4;

sbit Motor2=P2^3;

sbit Speaker=P2^6;

char i,rx_data[50];

char rfid[13],ch=0;

int counter1, counter2, counter3;

unsigned char result[1];

 void delay(int itime)

{

    int i,j;

    for(i=0;i<itime;i++)

    for(j=0;j<1275;j++);

}

void daten()

{

    rs=1;

    rw=0;

    en=1;

    delay(5);

    en=0;

}

void lcddata(unsigned char ch)

{

    LCDPORT=ch & 0xf0;

    daten();

    LCDPORT=(ch<<4) & 0xf0;

    daten();

}

void cmden(void)

{

    rs=0;

    en=1;

    delay(5);

    en=0;

}

void lcdcmd(unsigned char ch)

{

    LCDPORT=ch & 0xf0;

    cmden();

    LCDPORT=(ch<<4) & 0xf0;

    cmden();

}

void lcdstring(char *str)

{

    while(*str)

    {

        lcddata(*str);

        str++;

    }

}

void lcd_init(void)

{

    lcdcmd(0x02);

    lcdcmd(0x28);

    lcdcmd(0x0e);

    lcdcmd(0x01);

}

void uart_init()

{

 TMOD=0x20;

 SCON=0x50;

 TH1=0xfd;

 TR1=1;

}

char rxdata()

{

  while(!RI);

    ch=SBUF;    

    RI=0;

    return ch;

}

void main()

{

    Speaker=1;

    uart_init();

    lcd_init();

    lcdstring("---RFID Based---");

    lcdcmd(0xc0);

    lcdstring("Attendance Proj"); 

    delay(500);

  lcd_init();

    lcdstring("--StudyElectric--");

    lcdcmd(0xc0);

    lcdstring("----Tech.com----"); 

    delay(400);

    while(1)

    {

        lcdcmd(1);

        lcdstring("Scan Your Card:");

        lcdcmd(0xc0);

        i=0;

        for(i=0;i<12;i++)

        rfid[i]=rxdata();

        rfid[i]='\0';

        lcdcmd(1);

lcdstring("Rfid No. is:");

        lcdcmd(0xc0);

        for(i=0;i<12;i++)

        lcddata(rfid[i]);

        delay(100);

        if(strncmp(rfid,"10035AD856C1",12)==0)

        {

            counter1++;

            lcdcmd(1);             

            lcdstring(" Atttended");

            delay(200);

            lcdcmd(1);

            lcdstring(" Ayush ");

            lcdcmd(0xc0);

            lcdstring("Attnd. No.: ");

            sprintf(result, "%d", counter1);

            lcdstring(result);

            

            Motor1=1;

            Motor2=0;

            delay(300);

            Motor1=0;

            Motor2=0;

            delay(200);

            Motor1=0;

            Motor2=1;

        }

        

        else if(strncmp(rfid,"1600ADC369A1",12)==0)

            {

            counter2++;

            lcdcmd(1);

            lcdstring(" Attended");

            delay(200);

            lcdcmd(1);

            lcdstring(" raj ");

            lcdcmd(0xc0);

            lcdstring("Attnd. No.: ");

            sprintf(result, "%d", counter2);

            lcdstring(result);

            

            Motor1=1;

            Motor2=0;

            delay(300);

            Motor1=0;

            Motor2=0;

            delay(200);

            Motor1=0;

            Motor2=1;

            delay(300);

            Motor1=0;

            Motor2=0;

      }

            

                else if(strncmp(rfid,"1600ABCD147A",12)==0)

            {

                counter3++;

            lcdcmd(1);

            lcdstring(" Attended");

            delay(200);

            lcdcmd(1);

            lcdstring(" meet ");

            lcdcmd(0xc0);

            lcdstring("Attnd. No.: ");

            sprintf(result, "%d", counter3);

            lcdstring(result);

            

            Motor1=1;

            Motor2=0;

            delay(300);

            Motor1=0;

            Motor2=0;

            delay(200);

            Motor1=0;

            Motor2=1;

            delay(300);

            Motor1=0;

            Motor2=0;

            }

        else 

        {

           lcdcmd(1);

           lcdstring("Card don't exist");

   lcdcmd(0xc0);

           lcdstring("Try Another Card");

           Speaker=0;

           delay(300);

           Speaker=1;

        }

  }

}

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